451. Primary storage device such as semiconductor memory chips are called _______.

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A. Parallel
B. Sequential
C. direct access
D. binary access
✅ The correct answer is option C.
Primary storage device such as semiconductor memory chips are called direct access. A primary storage device is a medium that holds memory for short periods of time while a computer is running. Although it has a much lower access time and faster performance, it is also about two orders of magnitude more costly than secondary storage.

449. When consumers are seeking low-involvement products, they are unlikely to engage in extensive search, so _________ is important.

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A. Order processing
B. Order booking
C. Ready availability
D. Information about warranty
✅ The correct answer is option C.
When consumers are seeking low-involvement products, they are unlikely to engage in extensive search, so ready availability is important. The goal of market ready sites is not only to promote availability, but also to recognize the importance of “time to market” for retailers.

Type of preferred stock whose payments are missed and must be paid before paying dividends of common stock is classified as

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A. non participating preferred stock
B. participating preferred stock
C. non cumulative preferred stock
D. cumulative preferred stock
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Type of preferred stock whose payments are missed and must be paid before paying dividends of common stock is classified as cumulative preferred stock. Cumulative preferred stock is a type of preferred stock with a provision that stipulates that if any dividend payments have been missed in the past, the dividends owed must be paid out to cumulative preferred shareholders first.

445. ________ is a set of distinguishing human psychological traits that lead to relatively consistent and enduring responses to environmental stimuli.

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A. Image
B. Personality
C. Beliefs
D. Heredity
✅ The correct answer is option B.
Personality is a set of distinguishing human psychological traits that lead to relatively consistent and enduring responses to environmental stimuli. Personality in marketing involves looking into the characteristics of patterns for the way that people will feel, behave and think as they are viewing an advertisement or accessing a page. Personality scientists have seen relationships between the way that people behave, their lineage and more.

In public corporation, claim of fundamental ownership is called

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A. common stock
B. fundamental stock
C. corporate stock
D. claimed stock
✅ The correct answer is option A.
In public corporation, claim of fundamental ownership is called common stock. Common stock is a security that represents ownership in a corporation. Holders of common stock exercise control by electing a board of directors and voting on corporate policy.

440. An example of direct engineered cost is

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A. indirect material cost
B. direct material cost
C. direct labour cost
D. indirect labour cost
✅ The correct answer is option B.
An example of direct engineered cost is direct material cost. Direct material cost is the cost of the raw materials and components used to create a product. The materials must be easily identifiable with the resulting product (otherwise they are considered to be joint costs).

477. Difference that exists between total revenues, can be earned from two different alternatives is termed as

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A. independent revenue
B. incremental revenue
C. differential revenue
D. dependent revenue
✅ The correct answer is option C.
Difference that exists between total revenues, can be earned from two different alternatives is termed as differential revenue. Differential revenue is the difference in sales that will be generated by two different courses of action. The concept is commonly used when evaluating which of two (or more) investments to make in a business.

Pre-specified price at which underlying asset is bought and sold is called as

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A. maturity price
B. strike price
C. exercise price
D. both b and c
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Pre-specified price at which underlying asset is bought and sold is called as strike price or exercise price. the strike price (or exercise price) of an option is the fixed price at which the owner of the option can buy (in the case of a call), or sell (in the case of a put), the underlying security or commodity.

40. Which theory is also called traditional authority theory

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A. The acceptance of authority theory
B. The formal authority theory
C. The competence theory
D. The organization theory
✅ The correct answer is option B.
The formal authority theory is also called traditional authority theory. Traditional authority (also known as traditional domination) is a form of leadership in which the authority of an organization or a ruling regime is largely tied to tradition or custom. The main reason for the given state of affairs is that it ‘has always been that way’.

Accounting entry of institutions who lends federal funds to other institutions is as

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A. liability on balance sheet
B. assets on balance sheet
C. income in income statement
D. expense on income statement
✅ The correct answer is option B.
Accounting entry of institutions who lends federal funds to other institutions is as assets on balance sheet. Federal funds are overnight borrowings between banks and other entities to maintain their bank reserves at the Federal Reserve. Banks keep reserves at Federal Reserve Banks to meet their reserve requirements and to clear financial transactions.