Most flexible and liquid source of funding for savings banks is

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A. annual loan market
B. federal funds market
C. functional funding market
D. secured funding market
✅ The correct answer is option B.
Most flexible and liquid source of funding for savings banks is federal funds market. Federal funds, often referred to as fed funds, are excess reserves that commercial banks and other financial institutions deposit at regional Federal Reserve banks; these funds can be lent, then, to other market participants with insufficient cash on hand to meet their lending and reserve needs. The loans are unsecured and are made at a relatively low interest rate, called the federal funds rate or overnight rate, as that is the period for which most such loans are made.

Costs that behaves as irrelevant costs in process of decision making are classified as

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A. past costs
B. future costs
C. expected costs
D. sunk costs
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Costs that behaves as irrelevant costs in process of decision making are classified as past costs. A past cost is money that has already been spent. These funds cannot be recovered, so the related cost is irrelevant for decision-making purposes. A past cost is also known as a sunk cost.

The process of transforming plain text or data into cipher text that cannot be read by anyone other than the sender and the intended receiver is called _________________.

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A. Demodulation
B. Filtering
C. Encryption
D. Stateful inspection
✅ The correct answer is option C.
The process of transforming plain text or data into cipher text that cannot be read by anyone other than the sender and the intended receiver is called Encryption. Encryption is a way of scrambling data so that only authorized parties can understand the information. In technical terms, it is the process of converting plaintext to ciphertext. In simpler terms, encryption takes readable data and alters it so that it appears random.

The capital account of balance of payments represents

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A. Balances the central bank of the country maintains with IMF
B. Balances held by commercial banks of the country with their central bank
C. Investment made by the country s resident abroad, but not vice versa
D. None of the above
✅ The correct answer is option C.
The capital account of balance of payments represents Investment made by the countries resident abroad, but not vice versa.

In cost-plus pricing, ‘plus’ refers to a component named as

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A. off shore cost
B. markup
C. sunk cost
D. outsource cost
✅ The correct answer is option B.
In cost-plus pricing, ‘plus’ refers to a component named as markup. Cost-plus pricing, also called markup pricing, is the practice by a company of determining the cost of the product to the company and then adding a percentage on top of that price to determine the selling price to the customer.

An effect of fixed cost to change in operating income is classified as

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A. uncertain margin
B. certain margin
C. operating margin
D. operating leverage
✅ The correct answer is option D.
An effect of fixed cost to change in operating income is classified as operating leverage. Operating leverage is a cost-accounting formula that measures the degree to which a firm or project can increase operating income by increasing revenue. A business that generates sales with a high gross margin and low variable costs has high operating leverage.

Which one of the following is not one of the major dimensions for developing international information systems architecture?.

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A. Corporate global strategies
B. Organization structure
C. Management and business processes
D. Business process reengineering
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Business process reengineering is not one of the major dimensions for developing international information systems architecture. Business process reengineering is the act of recreating a core business process with the goal of improving product output, quality, or reducing costs. Typically, it involves the analysis of company workflows, finding processes that are sub-par or inefficient, and figuring out ways to get rid of them or change them.

Which of the following consists of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to achieve its business objectives?

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A. Database technology
B. Networking technology
C. Storage technology
D. Information technology
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Information technology consists of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to achieve its business objectives. Information systems can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordinating, and control in an organization.

A fundamental part of the distribution function is to get the product:

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A. To the right place at the right time
B. Launched into new markets
C. To intermediaries
D. To market to avoid channel conflict
✅ The correct answer is option A.
A fundamental part of the distribution function is to get the product to the right place at the right time. Distribution channels are a key element in all the marketing strategies that revolve around the product. They help you reach the customer in a way to maximise your revenue and brand awareness.