Environmental Science MCQs

✅ The correct answer is option E.
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere. Most of the mass (about 75-80%) of the atmosphere is in the troposphere. Most types of clouds are found in the troposphere, and almost all weather occurs within this layer.

✅ The correct answer is option B.
Germany is the first country to have phased out the CFCs and HCFCs which are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer.

✅ The correct answer is option B.
The inherent ability of organisms to reproduce and multiply is called biotic potential.

✅ The correct answer is option A.
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. The corresponding term for animal life is fauna. Flora, fauna, and other forms of life, such as fungi, are collectively referred to as biota.

✅ The correct answer is option D.
It is inverted in shape.

✅ The correct answer is option B.
A network of food chains existing together in an ecosystem is known as food web.

✅ The correct answer is option D.
Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) between areas of different temperature. Warm air is less dense than cold air, and so convection currents can form in the presence of a temperature gradient.

✅ The correct answer is option B.
Minamata disease, which can induce lethal or severely debilitating mental and physical effects, was caused by methylmercury‑contaminated effluent released into Minamata Bay by Chisso, Japan’s largest chemical manufacturer. It resulted in widespread suffering among those who unknowingly ate the contaminated fish.

✅ The correct answer is option C.
The final or stable community in a sere is the climax community or climatic vegetation. It is self-perpetuating and in equilibrium with the physical habitat.

✅ The correct answer is option C.
Aquatic life is damaged by thermal pollution.