1.2 to 3.8 cms is the value of the

downcomer liquid seal in case of a balanced tray design.
static submergence in case of a bubble cap tray for column operating under pressure (≥ 1 atm.).
skirt clearance for bubble caps.
all (a), (b) and (c).
✅ The correct answer is option D.

Critical solution temperature (or the con-solute temperature) for partially miscible liquids (e.g., phenol-water) is the minimum temperature at which

A. A homogeneous solution (say of phenol water) is formed
B. Mutual solubility of the two liquids shows a decreasing trend
C. Two liquids are completely separated into two layers
D. None of these
✅ The correct answer is option A.