A leader forces his followers to work had and penalizes them is _________.

A. positive style
B. negative style
C. autocratic style
D. democratic style
✅ The correct answer is option B.
A leader forces his followers to work had and penalizes them is negative style. Leaders are usually open-minded and have a strong will to execute. Conventionally leaders have common traits but to be better leaders one should know when to zig when others zag. It is possible to be opinionated, adaptable, and pleasant while being a good leader.

A decision which is taken to meet unexpected situation__________.

A. problem decision
B. certainty decisions
C. crisis decision
D. organizational decision
✅ The correct answer is option C.
A decision which is taken to meet unexpected situation crisis decision. Crisis is a time of intense difficulty or danger – a time when a difficult or important decision must be made.

Converting symbols, signs or pictures into meaning is known as __________.

A. Sender
B. receiver
C. encoding
D. decoding
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Converting symbols, signs or pictures into meaning is known as decoding. Decoding is the process of converting code into plain text or any format that is useful for subsequent processes. Decoding is the reverse of encoding.

authority flows from upwards to downwards in

A. formal organization
B. informal organisation
C. business organisation
D. strategic organization
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Authority flows from upwards to downwards in formal organization. The formal organization is basically goal-oriented entity that exist to accurate the efforts of individuals and it refers to the structure of jobs and positions with clearly defined functions, responsibilities and authorities.

Decision making helps in the smooth function of the___________.

A. business
B. staffing
C. organization
D. planning
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Decision making helps in the smooth function of the business. Decision making is related to planning, organizing, directing and controlling functions of a manager. Decision making is important to achieve the organizational goals/objectives within given time and budget. Decision-making is a pervasive function of managers aimed at achieving organizational goals.

Management is ____________.

A. art
B. science
C. art and science
D. humanities
✅ The correct answer is option C.
Management is both art and science. It is considered as a science because it has an organized body of knowledge which contains certain universal truth. It is called an art because managing requires certain skills which are personal possessions of managers.

The followers themselves take decisions for which they get authority under

A. positive style
B. negative style
C. free rein style
D. democratic style
✅ The correct answer is option C.
The followers themselves take decisions for which they get authority under free rein style. Free-rein leadership, also called Laissez-Faire, is a type of leadership style in which leaders are hands-off and allow group members to make the decisions. Mangers set objectives and employees are free to do whatever is appropriate to accomplish those objectives.

The right of a person to give instructions to his subordinates is known as_________.

A. responsibility
B. authority
C. accountability
D. line authority
✅ The correct answer is option B.
The right of a person to give instructions to his subordinates is known as authority. Authority, in simple words, is the right way of commanding subordinates, issuing orders and instructions, and exacting obedience from the team. It is also the right of the manager to make decisions. Also, to act or not to act depends on how he perceives the objectives of the organization.

Scalar chain means ________.

A. hierarchy levels
B. chain of command
C. delegation of authority
D. span of control
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Scalar chain means hierarchy levels. The concept of hierarchy is a universal phenomenon of organization which means the scalar chain implying a ladder structured in a pyramidical fashion with successive several steps interlinked with each other, from top to bottom.