81. Which of the following paradigm attempts to structure a team in a manner that achieves some of the controls associated with the closed paradigm but also much of the innovation that occurs when using the random paradigm ?

A. asynchronous paradigm
B. open paradigm
C. closed paradigm
D. synchronous paradigm
✅ The correct answer is option B.

82. Which is a software configuration management concept that helps us to control change without seriously impeding justifiable change ?

A. Baselines
B. Source code
C. Data model
D. None of the mentioned
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Explanation: A baseline is analogous to the kitchen doors in the restaurant. Before a software configuration item becomes a baseline, change may be made quickly and informally.

86. Which of the following is not a business risk ?

A. building an excellent product or system that no one really wants
B. losing the support of senior management due to a change in focus or change in people
C. lack of documented requirements or software scope
D. losing budgetary or personnel commitment
✅ The correct answer is option C.
Explanation: This is not considered as a business risk.

87. Which type of software engineering team has a defined leader who coordinates specific tasks and secondary leaders that have responsibility for sub tasks ?

A. Controlled decentralized (CD)
B. Democratic decentralized (DD)
C. Controlled centralized (CC)
D. None of the mentioned
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Explanation: Problem solving remains a group activity, but implementation of solutions is partitioned among subgroups by the team leader.