2191. If W is total load per unit area on a panel, D is the diameter of the column head, L is the span in two directions, then the sum of the maximum positive bending moment and average of the negative bending moment for the design of the span of a square flat slab, should not be less than________________?

A. WL/12 (L – 2D/3)²
B. WL/10 (L + 2D/3)²
C. WL/10 (L – 2D/3)²
D. WL/12 (L – D/3)²
✅ The correct answer is option C.

2193. per unit run exerted by the Total pressure on the vertical face of a retaining wall of height retained earth weighing per unit volume, is___________________?

A. wh [(1 – )/(1 + sin )]
B. wh² [(1 – )/(1 + sin )]
C. wh² [(1 – )/2(1 + sin )]
D. wh² [(1 – )/3(1 + sin )]
✅ The correct answer is option C.

2197. Pick up the assumption for the design of a pre-stressed concrete member from the following_______________?

A. A transverse plane section remains a plane after bending
B. During deformation limits, Hook’s law is equally applicable to concrete as well as to steel
C. Variation of stress in reinforcement due to changes in external loading is negligible
D. All the above
✅ The correct answer is option D.