The mean radius of the earth is approximately

A. 32,000 km
B. 6,400 km
C. 9,600 km
D. 12,800 km
✅ The correct answer is option B.
The Earth’s mean radius is determined as the average distance from the physical center to the surface, based on a large number of samples. The value, symbolized rearth, is equal to approximately 6,371,000 meters (6.371 x 106 m). This is roughly 6,371 kilometers (km) or 3,960 statute miles.

Which of the following is measured on the Richter scale?

A. Density of liquids
B. Intensity of earthquakes
C. Velocity of tornadoes
D. Height of mountains
✅ The correct answer is option B.
The Richter scale measures the maximum amplitude of seismic waves as they reach seismographs. This scale is expressed with a logarithmic scale. Thus, an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale would be 10 times larger than an earthquake that measures 6.0.

The percentage of sun’s radiation reflected back into space is about

A. 36 percent
B. 47 percent
C. 17 percent
D. None of the above
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Snow, ice, and clouds have high albedos (typically from 0.7 to 0.9) and reflect more energy than they absorb. Earth’s average albedo is about 0.3. In other words, about 30 percent of incoming solar radiation is reflected back into space and 70 percent is absorbed.