In a vapour compression refrigeration system, a throttle valve is used in place of an expander because

it considerably reduces mass of the system
it improves the C.O.P., as the condenser is small
the positive work in isentropic expansion of liquid is very small
it leads to significan
✅ The correct answer is option C.

The by-pass factor, in case of sensible cooling of air, is given by (where td1 = Dry bulb temperature of air entering the cooling coil, td2 = Dry bulb temperature of air leaving the cooling coil, and td3 = Dry bulb temperature of the cooling coil)

✅ The correct answer is option B.