For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

decreases upwards.
increases upwards.
remains same throughout.
may decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell.
✅ The correct answer is option A.

In a shell and tube heat exchanger, triangular pitch arrangement as compared to square pitch arrangement

results in higher shell side pressure drop.
can accomodate less number of tubes for a given shell diameter.
facilitates easier shell side cleaning; hence is more suitable for handling high dirt factor shell side fluid.
creates relatively lower turbulence on the shell side resulting in lower shell side heat transfer co-efficient.
✅ The correct answer is option A.