281. When was the famous Monroe Doctrine issued? A. 1820 B. 1823 C. 1830 D. none of the above ✅ The correct answer is option B.
282. Who among the following was regarded as the father of modern socialism? A. Jeremy Bentham B. Rousseau C. Karl Marx D. Montesquieu ✅ The correct answer is option C.
283. Rio de la Plata / Argentina declared its independence from the Spanish imperial control in: A. 1816 B. 1820 C. 1830 D. 1848 ✅ The correct answer is option A.
284. Which one was not included in the Balkan region? A. Croatia B. Bosnia Harzegovina C. Serbia D. Spain ✅ The correct answer is option D.
285. According to the principles behind the Dual Monarchy: A. Francis Joseph served as Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary B. Austria – Hungary would have a common system of taxation and a common army C. Internal and constitutional issues were separated D. All of the above ✅ The correct answer is option D.
286. Who followed the policy of Blood and Iron for national unification? A. Otto von Bismarck B. Garibaldi C. Matternich D. Napoleon ✅ The correct answer is option A.
287. Following the Napoleonic Wars, how did Prussia reform the state: A. military officers were promoted on the basis alone B. the royal cadet at Berlin was modernized C. the middle classes were encouraged to take an active role in the civil service D. All of the above ✅ The correct answer is option D.
288. The German Confederation: A. did not include Austria and Prussia B. included non-German territories in Poland and Hungary C. was a loose organization of thirty-nine states D. had real executive power ✅ The correct answer is option C.
289. Which ethnic language and group did not play a role in the Austrian Empire? A. Czech B. Magyar C. French D. Italian ✅ The correct answer is option C.
290. The emancipation of the Russian Serfs in 1861: A. produced changes in the lives of the peasantry B. led to the decline of village commune C. did not require compensation to be paid to landowners for property they lost D. granted legal rights to 22 million serfs ✅ The correct answer is option D.