21. Extracting data items and objects, to get information on data flow, and to understand the existing data structures that have been implemented is sometimes called__________________?

A. data analysis
B. directionality
C. data extraction
D. client applications
✅ The correct answer is option A.

24. Which of the following is a drawback of using CASE tool ?

A. Standardization of notations and diagrams
B. Communication between development team member
C. Costs associated with the use of the tool
D. Reduction of time and effort
✅ The correct answer is option C.
Explanation: Using CASE tools is an expensive approach.

25. Which analysis is a part of Analysis model of the web engineering process framework ?

A. Content Analysis
B. Interaction Analysis
C. Functional Analysis
D. All of the mentioned
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Explanation: Analysis model establishes a basis for design which requires all the mentioned options.

26. Which environment demands specialized testing tools that exercise the graphical user interface and the network communications requirements for client and server ?

A. Dynamic analysis
B. Client/Server
C. Re-engineering
D. Test management
✅ The correct answer is option B.
Explanation: A client/server architecture is GUI based.

28. Which of the following term is best define by the statement:”Each object is stored only once, but is accessible by all CASE tools that need it.”?

A. Non-redundant data storage
B. Data independence
C. Transaction control
D. Ad Hoc data queries and reports
✅ The correct answer is option A.

29. Which of the following statements are incorrect with reference to web-based systems? Web-based systems__________________?

A. should be unscalable
B. must be able to cope with uncertain, random heavy demands on services
C. must be secure
D. are subject to assorted legal, social, and ethical scrutiny
✅ The correct answer is option A.
Explanation: Web-based systems should be scalable.

30. Which of the following steps may not be used to define the existing data model as a precursor to re-engineering a new database model ?

A. Build an initial object model
B. Determine candidate keys
C. Refine the tentative classes
D. Discover user interfaces
✅ The correct answer is option D.
Explanation: Once information defined in the preceding steps is known, a series of transformations can be applied to map the old database structure into a new database structure.