431. In the below figure, PC is the connecting rod and OC is the crank making an angle θ with the line of stroke PO and rotates with uniform angular velocity at ω rad/s. The Klien’s acceleration diagram for determining the acceleration of the piston P is shown by quadrilateral C Q NO. The acceleration of the piston P with respect to the crankpin C is given by

ω2 x NO
ω2 x CO
ω2 x CN
ω2 x QN
✅ The correct answer is option C.

440. In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, This method will

cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
reduce length of effective stroke of piston
reduce maximum opening of port to steam
all of these
✅ The correct answer is option C.