411. Market where market makers keep record of stock of financial instruments is classified as

stock market
dealer market
outcry auction system
face to face communication
✅ The correct answer is B.
Market where market makers keep record of stock of financial instruments is classified as dealer market. A dealer market is a financial market mechanism wherein multiple dealers post prices at which they will buy or sell a specific security of instrument.

412. Periodic rate if it is multiplied with per year number of compounding periods is called

extrinsic rate of return
intrinsic rate of return
annual rate of return
nominal annual rate
✅ The correct answer is D.
Periodic rate if it is multiplied with per year number of compounding periods is called nominal annual rate. The nominal interest rate is the interest rate before taking inflation into account, in contrast to real interest rates and effective interest rates.

414. Bonds issued by small companies tend to have

high liquidity premium
high inflation premium
high default premium
high yield premium
✅ The correct answer is A.
Bonds issued by small companies tend to have high liquidity premium. Liquidity premium is a premium demanded by investors when any given security cannot be easily converted into cash for its fair market value. When the liquidity premium is high, the asset is said to be illiquid, and investors demand additional compensation for the added risk of investing their assets over a more extended period since valuations can fluctuate with market effects.

415. Which of the following is / are assumption(s) underlying the Miller and Modigliani analysis?

Capital markets are perfect
Investors are assumed to be rational and behave accordingly
There is no corporate or personal income tax
All of the above.
✅ The correct answer is D.
Capital markets are perfect, Investors are assumed to be rational and behave accordingly and there is no corporate or personal income tax are the assumptions underlying the Miller and Modigliani analysis.

416. Relevant cash flow which company expects when its will implement project is classified as

irrelevant cash flow
relevant cash flow
incremental cash flow
decrease cash flow
✅ The correct answer is C.
Relevant cash flow which company expects when its will implement project is classified as incremental cash flow. Incremental cash flow is the additional operating cash flow that an organization receives from taking on a new project. A positive incremental cash flow means that the company’s cash flow will increase with the acceptance of the project.

417. Which of the following is not an assumption in the Miller & Modigliani approach?

There are no transaction costs
Securities are infinitely divisible
Investors have homogeneous expectations
All the firms pay tax on their income at the same rate
✅ The correct answer is D.
All the firms pay tax on their income at the same rate is not an assumption in the Miller & Modigliani approach. The Modigliani and Miller Approach further states that the market value of a firm is affected by its operating income, apart from the risk involved in the investment. The theory stated that the value of the firm is not dependent on the choice of capital structure or financing decisions of the firm.

420. Constant growth model would not be used in condition if growth rate is

greater than dividend paid
equal to realized rate of return
less than realized rate of return
greater than realized rate of return
✅ The correct answer is D.
Constant growth model would not be used in condition if growth rate is greater than realized rate of return. A real rate of return is the annual percentage return realized on an investment, which is adjusted for changes in prices due to inflation or other external factors.