272. Payment of security if it is made at end of each period such as beginning of year is classified as

annuity due
payment fixed series
ordinary annuity
deferred annuity
✅ The correct answer is A.
Payment of security if it is made at end of each period such as beginning of year is classified as annuity due. An annuity due is a repeating payment that is made at the beginning of each period, such as a rent payment.

273. A modified internal rate of return is considered as present value of costs and is equal to

PV of hurdle rate
FV of hurdle rate
PV of terminal value
FV of terminal value
✅ The correct answer is C.
A modified internal rate of return is considered as present value of costs and is equal to PV of terminal value. The present value (PV) of the terminal value is then added to the PV of the free cash flows in the projection period to arrive at an implied firm value.

274. Real interest rate and real cash flows do not include

equity effects
debt effects
inflation effects
opportunity effects
✅ The correct answer is C.
Real interest rate and real cash flows do not include inflation effects. Inflation may or may not result in an increase in production. As long as the economy does not reach the full employment stage, inflation has a favorable effect on production. Usually, as the price level increases, profits increase too.

276. Physical location exchange or telephone networks are types of

long-term markets
secondary markets
money markets
capital markets
✅ The correct answer is B.
Physical location exchange or telephone networks are types of secondary markets. The secondary market is where investors buy and sell securities they already own. It is what most people typically think of as the “stock market,” though stocks are also sold on the primary market when they are first issued.

278. Financial risk is most associated with_______________.

the use of equity financing by corporations
the use of debt financing by corporations
Equity investments held by corporations
Debt investments held by corporations.
✅ The correct answer is B.
Financial risk is most associated with the use of debt financing by corporations. Financial risk is the risk that a company won’t be able to meet its obligations to pay back its debts. Which in turn could mean that potential investors will lose the money invested in the company. The more debt a company has, the higher the potential financial risk.

279. A risk which is classified as its contribution to risk of portfolio is classified as

classified risk
contributed risk
irrelevant risk
relevant risk
✅ The correct answer is D.
A risk which is classified as its contribution to risk of portfolio is classified as relevant risk. Relevant risk is the fluctuation of returns caused by the macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets.