Economics

✅ The correct answer is C.
The average profit is the difference between AC and AR.

✅ The correct answer is D.
Scarcity of resources, Alternative uses and Unlimited wants are the cause of an economic problem. Factors like production costs and labor affect the cost of scarce items. If the unlimited wants and needs of a particular good can be met by resources, then it is not considered scarce. This would require the resources to be unlimited as well for it to meet unlimited demand.

✅ The correct answer is B.

✅ The correct answer is A.
Mr. Raees Ahamd bought 50 litres of petrol when his monthly income was Rs.25000. Now his monthly income has risen to Rs.50,000 and he purchases 100 litres of petrol. His income elasticity of demand for petrol is 1.

✅ The correct answer is D.
No close substitute is a condition for existence of monopoly. If a close substitute exists, then the monopoly cannot exist. Remember, a monopoly can only exist when the cross-elasticity of the product that the monopolist produces is zero.

✅ The correct answer is B.
For normal goods, increase in income leads to increase in demand. Rising incomes lead to a rise in the number of goods demanded by consumers.

✅ The correct answer is C.
Excess capacity is not found under Perfect competition. Under perfect competition, each firm produces at the minimum point on its LAC curve and its horizontal demand curve is tangent to it at that point. Its output is ideal and there is no excess capacity in the long-run.

✅ The correct answer is D.
AFC + AVC = ATC is true.

✅ The correct answer is D.
Under Perfect competition forms of market structure does a firm have no control over the price of its product. All goods in a perfectly competitive market are considered perfect substitutes, and the demand curve is perfectly elastic for each of the small, individual firms that participate in the market. These firms are price takers–if one firm tries to raise its price, there would be no demand for that firm’s product

✅ The correct answer is D.
In short run, a firm in monopolistic competition may earn normal profit, super normal profit or incur losses. In the short run, a monopolistically competitive firm maximizes profit or minimizes losses by producing that quantity that corresponds to when marginal revenue = marginal cost. If average total cost is below the market price, then the firm will earn an economic profit.